{
  "schema": "groups.qft.org/entity/2",
  "versions": {
    "schema": "2.0.0",
    "dataset": "2026.11-workbench.4",
    "application": "6.0.0",
    "algorithm": "groups-workbench-4.0.0",
    "released": "2026-11-08"
  },
  "canonicalURL": "https://groups.qft.org/atlas/groups/q-8/",
  "entity": {
    "id": "group:q-8",
    "slug": "q-8",
    "name": "Quaternion group",
    "symbol": "Q₈",
    "category": "finite",
    "level": "executable",
    "aliases": [
      "Quaternion group of order 8"
    ],
    "searchTerms": [],
    "tags": [
      "Spin cover",
      "McKay"
    ],
    "summary": "The eight unit quaternions {±1, ±i, ±j, ±k}, naturally a finite subgroup of SU(2).",
    "definition": "i² = j² = k² = ijk = −1",
    "definitionEvidence": [
      {
        "source": "groupnames-q-8",
        "locator": "Heading; Aliases; Generators and relations"
      }
    ],
    "properties": [
      {
        "key": "order",
        "label": "Order",
        "value": "8",
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source": "groupnames-q-8",
            "locator": "Heading: order"
          }
        ],
        "assumptions": []
      },
      {
        "key": "center",
        "label": "Center",
        "value": "C₂",
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source": "groupnames-q-8",
            "locator": "Centre"
          }
        ],
        "assumptions": []
      },
      {
        "key": "abelian",
        "label": "Abelian",
        "value": "No",
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source": "groupnames-q-8",
            "locator": "Group-property labels; Commutator"
          }
        ],
        "assumptions": []
      },
      {
        "key": "simple",
        "label": "Simple finite group",
        "value": "No",
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source": "groupnames-q-8",
            "locator": "Chief series and normal subgroups"
          }
        ],
        "assumptions": []
      },
      {
        "key": "irreps",
        "label": "Ordinary complex irrep dimensions",
        "value": "1, 1, 1, 1, 2",
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source": "groupnames-q-8",
            "locator": "Character table: identity column and orthogonal/complex/symplectic types"
          },
          {
            "source": "gap",
            "locator": "Irr; section 71.12-5 Indicator"
          }
        ],
        "assumptions": []
      }
    ],
    "sections": [
      {
        "id": "representations",
        "title": "Representations",
        "paragraphs": [
          {
            "text": "Four real-type one-dimensional irreps and one quaternionic-type doublet. A real-valued character does not imply real type.",
            "evidence": [
              {
                "source": "groupnames-q-8",
                "locator": "Character table; matrix and permutation representations"
              }
            ],
            "assumptions": []
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "physics",
        "title": "In physics",
        "paragraphs": [
          {
            "text": "Projective symmetries, quaternionic representations, and the affine D₄ McKay graph.",
            "evidence": [
              {
                "source": "mckay",
                "locator": "Applications to the indicated symmetry and representation category"
              }
            ],
            "assumptions": []
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "relationships": [
      {
        "type": "related",
        "target": "group:su-2",
        "label": "Related group"
      },
      {
        "type": "related",
        "target": "group:d-8",
        "label": "Related group"
      },
      {
        "type": "member-of",
        "target": "family:finite-dicyclic",
        "label": "Dic₂",
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source": "groupnames-q-8",
            "locator": "Aliases"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "capabilities": [
      "finite-characters"
    ],
    "kind": "group",
    "data": {
      "category": "finite",
      "order": "8",
      "abelian": false,
      "simple": false,
      "irreps": {
        "category": "ordinary-complex",
        "complete": true,
        "labels": [
          "1",
          "1a",
          "1b",
          "1c",
          "2"
        ],
        "dimensions": [
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1,
          2
        ],
        "reality": [
          "Real",
          "Real",
          "Real",
          "Real",
          "Quaternionic"
        ]
      },
      "capabilityPresets": {
        "finite-characters": {
          "group": "q8",
          "left": "2",
          "right": "2"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "claims": [
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#definition",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "definition",
      "label": "Definition",
      "value": "i² = j² = k² = ijk = −1",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Heading; Aliases; Generators and relations"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#order",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "order",
      "label": "Order",
      "value": "8",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Heading: order"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#center",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "center",
      "label": "Center",
      "value": "C₂",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Centre"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#abelian",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "abelian",
      "label": "Abelian",
      "value": "No",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Group-property labels; Commutator"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#simple",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "simple",
      "label": "Simple finite group",
      "value": "No",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Chief series and normal subgroups"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#irreps",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "irreps",
      "label": "Ordinary complex irrep dimensions",
      "value": "1, 1, 1, 1, 2",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Character table: identity column and orthogonal/complex/symplectic types"
        },
        {
          "source": "gap",
          "locator": "Irr; section 71.12-5 Indicator"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#representations-1",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "representations-1",
      "label": "Representations",
      "value": "Four real-type one-dimensional irreps and one quaternionic-type doublet. A real-valued character does not imply real type.",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Character table; matrix and permutation representations"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#physics-1",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "physics-1",
      "label": "In physics",
      "value": "Projective symmetries, quaternionic representations, and the affine D₄ McKay graph.",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "mckay",
          "locator": "Applications to the indicated symmetry and representation category"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#relation-1",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "relation-1",
      "label": "Related group",
      "value": "group:su-2",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Heading; Aliases; Generators and relations"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "relationship": "related",
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#relation-2",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "relation-2",
      "label": "Related group",
      "value": "group:d-8",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Heading; Aliases; Generators and relations"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "relationship": "related",
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    },
    {
      "id": "group:q-8#relation-3",
      "subject": "group:q-8",
      "key": "relation-3",
      "label": "Dic₂",
      "value": "family:finite-dicyclic",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "source": "groupnames-q-8",
          "locator": "Aliases"
        }
      ],
      "assumptions": [],
      "relationship": "member-of",
      "reviewStatus": "pending-expert-review",
      "revision": "2026.11-workbench.4"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "gap",
      "title": "GAP · Characters and symmetrizations",
      "authors": [],
      "url": "https://gap-system.github.io/gap/doc/ref/chap72_mj.html",
      "kind": "documentation",
      "locatorHint": "Sections 72.7–72.8 and 72.11: scalar products, decompositions, symmetric and exterior powers",
      "licenseNote": "Linked source with original summaries of mathematical facts. Consult the source for its own terms; no blanket redistribution license is asserted."
    },
    {
      "id": "mckay",
      "title": "McKay · A rapid introduction to ADE theory",
      "authors": [],
      "url": "https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/ADE.html",
      "kind": "paper",
      "licenseNote": "Linked source with original summaries of mathematical facts. Consult the source for its own terms; no blanket redistribution license is asserted."
    },
    {
      "id": "groupnames-q-8",
      "title": "GroupNames: Q₈",
      "authors": [
        "Tim Dokchitser"
      ],
      "url": "https://people.maths.bris.ac.uk/~matyd/GroupNames/1/Q8.html",
      "kind": "database",
      "locatorHint": "Order, Centre, Aliases, generators and relations, Character table",
      "licenseNote": "Linked source with original summaries of mathematical facts. Consult the source for its own terms; no blanket redistribution license is asserted."
    }
  ],
  "review": {
    "status": "pending-expert-review",
    "label": "Expert review pending",
    "currentReviews": 0,
    "staleReviews": 0,
    "fingerprint": "88bbcbe4e799e4f76e67d82a5e600f459f5543150782de45e7411540dc1f70ab",
    "reviewers": []
  }
}
